Depression​

The diagnostic criteria for clinical depression, as outlined in the Diagnostic and Statistical Manual of Mental Disorders (DSM-5), include the presence of several key symptoms over a consistent period of time. These symptoms include:

1. Depressed Mood: persistent feelings of sadness or a sense of emptiness.

2. Anhedonia: markedly diminished interest or pleasure in activities that were once enjoyed.

3. Changes in Appetite or Weight: significant weight loss or gain, or changes in appetite.

4. Sleep Disturbances: insomnia (difficulty sleeping) or hypersomnia (excessive sleeping).

5. Psychomotor Agitation or Retardation: observable changes in physical activity, either being noticeably restless or slowed down.

6. Fatigue or Loss of Energy: persistent feelings of tiredness or a lack of energy.

7. Feelings of Worthlessness or Excessive Guilt: ongoing feelings of worthlessness or inappropriate guilt.

8. Difficulty Concentrating: diminished ability to think or concentrate, indecisiveness.

9. Suicidal Thoughts or Behaviors: recurrent thoughts of death, suicidal ideation, or suicide attempts.